Coating systems, use thereof for coating components and thus coated components for agricultural and construction machines

ABSTRACT

A coating material for producing a coating includes 10 to 70 wt. % of at least one CH acidic compound, 4 to 40 wt. % of at least one vinylogous carbonyl compound, 0.1 to 15 wt. % of at least one latent-basic catalyst, 0.00001 to 10 wt. % of at least one light stabilizer, 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of at least one open time extender, 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of at least one pot life extender, 0.00001 to 70 wt. % of at least one of an inorganic pigment and an organic pigment, and 0.1 to 40 wt. % of at least one corrosion protection agent. Each wt. % of a respective ingredient is based on a total amount of the coating material

CROSS REFERENCE TO PRIOR APPLICATIONS

This application is a U.S. National Phase application under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/DE2016/000165, filed on Apr.20, 2016 and which claims benefit to German Patent Application No. 102015 105 983.5, filed on Apr. 20, 2015. The International Applicationwas published in German on Oct. 27, 2016 as WO 2016/169544 A1 under PCTArticle 21(2).

FIELD

The present invention relates to improved coating materials based on RMAsystems which cross-link with the aid of a classic Michael addition. Thepresent invention also relates to the coatings producible therefrom andto the coated components, in particular to components for agriculturalmachinery and construction machinery, for example, parts of chassis,tools, or attachments.

BACKGROUND

Coating materials which cross-link in a Michael addition reaction havepreviously been described. The coatings produced therefrom have highweathering stability and chemical resistances. The rapid curing of thesecoating materials is achieved by the use of high catalyst content,wherein, however, the processing time or the pot life of the coatingmaterial is strongly reduced.

Rapid curing is particularly advantageous primarily during the coatingor painting of large components, such as chassis parts. However, due tothe size and shape of the surfaces, a relatively long time is requiredfor coating the entire component so that the coating materials used musthave long pot lives and long open times. In the following, “pot life” isdesignated as the time interval between mixing all components of acoating material and the time at which the cross-linking reaction in thecoating material has progressed to the extent that the coating materialmay no longer be processed. In the following, “open time” is designatedas the time interval in which a coating material film applied to asurface may be corrected without impairing the gradient properties.

During application of the coating material, the already coated areasmust additionally be able to absorb the overspray that occurs duringpainting of the adjacent areas without surface defects forming, forexample, due to a poor progression. In the following, “overspray” isdesignated as the material loss of the coating material caused duringspray painting. The material loss may be caused by spraying past causedby an unfavorable orientation of the spray gun toward the workpiece orby strongly interrupted workpieces, such as grids. Overspray may alsooccur due to coating material drops flowing off laterally from theworkpiece surfaces. Overspray absorption is thereby the property of anapplied coating material to absorb material from an overspray so thatthe desired smooth surface of the film or coating is retained.

A very fast drying or curing is desired for the coating afterapplication of the coating material film or the coating material layer.Forced drying at increased temperature is generally not possible forlarge components, as correspondingly large ovens would be requiredtherefor. Fast drying at room temperature is therefore particularlydesirable primarily for coating or painting very large components.

Binder systems cross-linking in a Michael addition, designated hereafteras “RMA systems”, are described in EP 2374836 A1 and have a favorableratio of pot life to drying time. The described binder systems showshort drying times with long pot lives even at room temperature.Reference is thus specifically made to EP 2374836 A1 as a part of thedescription of the present invention. The disadvantage of known RMAsystems is that the coating materials and coatings produced therefrom donot show the necessary and conventional properties.

SUMMARY

An aspect of the present invention is to provide improved coatingmaterials, coatings, and coating systems based on RMA systems which areparticularly suitable for coating large components such as chassis partsand tools of agricultural and construction machinery.

In an embodiment, the present invention provides a coating material forproducing a coating which includes 10 to 70 wt. % of at least one CHacidic compound, 4 to 40 wt. % of at least one vinylogous carbonylcompound, 0.1 to 15 wt. % of at least one latent-basic catalyst, 0.00001to 10 wt. % of at least one light stabilizer, 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of atleast one open time extender, 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of at least one potlife extender, 0.00001 to 70 wt. % of at least one of an inorganicpigment and an organic pigment, and 0.1 to 40 wt. % of at least onecorrosion protection agent. Each wt. % of a respective ingredient isbased on a total amount of the coating material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The coating materials according to the present invention comprise an RMAsystem which has one or more CH acidic compounds A, one or morevinylogous carbonyl compounds B, and one or more catalysts C. Thecoating materials additionally contain at least one or more lightstabilizers, one or more pot life extenders, one or more open timeextenders, one or more inorganic and/or organic pigments, and one ormore corrosion protection agents.

In the following, the expression “light stabilizer” is understood torefer to additives and adjuvants that protect coatings from theinfluence of UV light, in particular additives and adjuvants thatprevent or at least significantly delay polymer degradation caused by UVradiation. The expression “pot life extenders” are understood to referto additives and adjuvants which, as components of the ready to be usedmixed coating material, delay the curing of the coating material priorto application. Pot life extenders evaporate during application so thatthe curing of the applied coating material is not affected, inparticular, is not extended. The expression “open time extenders” isunderstood to refer to additives and adjuvants which also remain in thecoating material even after application and delay curing for thecoating. The expression “corrosion protection agent” is understood torefer to additives and adjuvants which prevent or at least delaycorrosion of the metal at the interface of the metal substrate and thecoating.

The coating materials according to the present invention contain atleast:

-   -   10 to 70, for example, 15 to 60, for example, 20 to 55 wt. % CH        acidic compounds A;    -   4 to 40, for example, 8 to 35, for example, 10 to 30 wt. %        vinylogous carbonyl compounds B;    -   0.1 to 15, for example, 0.2 to 10, for example, 0.3 to 5 wt. %        latent-basic catalysts C;    -   0.00001 to 10, for example, 0.5 to 5, for example, 1 to 3 wt. %        light stabilizers;    -   0.00001 to 20, for example, 0.01 to 10, for example, 0.1 to 5        wt. % open time extenders;    -   0.00001 to 20, for example, 0.01 to 15, for example, 0.1 to 10        wt. % pot life extenders;    -   0.1 to 65, for example, 5 to 55, for example, 8 to 40 wt. %        inorganic and/or organic pigments; and    -   0.1 to 40, for example, 1 to 35, for example, 3 to 30 wt. %        corrosion protection agents,

wherein, the indicated amounts respectively relate to the total amountof the coating material.

According to the present invention, the compounds A and B are used in amolar ratio A:B of 0.5:1 to 2:1, for example, of 0.75:1 to 1.6:1, forexample, of 0.9:1 to 1.3:1, for example, of 0.95:1 to 1.1:1, wherein themolar amounts refer to the acidic protons of the compounds A and to thevinylogous carbonyl groups of the compounds B.

According to the present invention, the catalysts C and compounds A areused in a molar ratio C:A of 0.8:1 to 2.5:1, for example, 1.1:1 to1.9:1, for example, 1.3:1 to 1.7:1, wherein the molar amounts refer tothe cation X⁺ of catalyst C and the acidic protons of the compounds A.

Suitable CH acidic compounds A are compounds with the general Formula I

wherein,

R is hydrogen, an alkyl radical or an aryl radical, and

Y, Y′ are alkyl radicals, aralkyl radicals, aryl radicals, alkoxyradicals or amino groups, for example, primary amino groups, and Y andY′ may be the same or different.

Furthermore, the —C(═O)—Y and/or —C(═O)—Y′ groups from Formula I may bereplaced by CN— or aryl groups.

According to the present invention, malonic acid esters, acetoaceticacid esters, or mixtures thereof can, for example, be used. Malonic acidesters can, for example, be used with oligomer and polymer substituents,for example, based on polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, epoxyresins, polyamides, or polycarbonates. Malonic acid esters can, forexample, be used with oligomer and polymer substituents based onpolyesters, polyurethanes, and/or polycarbonates. Acetoacetic acidesters can, for example, be used which contain oligomer and polymersubstituents, for example, based on polyalcohols, polyvinyl alcohols,epoxy resins, hydroxy-functional polyethers, polyesters, orpolyacrylates. Acetoacetic acid esters can, for example, be used witholigomer and polymer substituents based on polyesters and/orpolyacrylates. Compounds selected from the group containing malonic acidesters with oligomer and polymer substituents based on polyesters, whichare obtained from the reaction of at least malonic acid, malonic aciddimethyl ester, and/or malonic acid diethyl ester with hexahydrophthalicacid and/or its anhydride and neopentyl glycol, and acetoacetic acidesters with oligomer and polymer substituents based on polyesters, whichare obtained from the reaction of at least acetoacetic acid, acetoaceticacid methyl ester, and/or acetoacetic acid ethyl ester withhexahydrophthalic acid and/or its anhydride and neopentyl glycol can,for example, be used.

Suitable vinylogous carbonyl compounds B are, for example, acrylatesand/or maleates, for example, unsaturated acryloyl-functional compounds.According to the present invention, acrylesters can, for example, beused that are made from compounds containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms and atleast 2, for example, 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups. According to the presentinvention, polyesters can, for example, be used that are obtained fromreacting maleic acid, fumaric acid, and/or itaconic acid, or anhydridesthereof with di- or polyvalent hydroxyl compounds which may contain amonovalent hydroxyl- or carboxyl compound. Resins can, for example beused, for example, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethers, and/or alkydresins which correspondingly contain activated unsaturated groups, forexample, urethane acrylates, polyether acrylates, polyfunctionalpolyacrylates, polyalkylmaleates, and polyacrylates that are obtainedfrom the reaction of acrylic acid with epoxy resins. According to thepresent invention, butanediol diacrylate, hexanediol diacrylate,trimethylolpropane triacrylate, entaerythritol tetraacrylate, di(trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate,dipropylene glycol diacrylate, and tripropylene glycol diacrylate can,for example, be used.

Suitable latent-basic compounds for the catalysts C are, for example,substituted carboxylic acid salts of Formula II:

wherein,

-   -   R is hydrogen, an alkyl or aryl (Ar—R), or a polymer,    -   X⁺ is an alkali earth metal cation or an alkaline earth metal        cation, for example, lithium, sodium, or potassium,        -   or a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt of the formula            (R′)₄Y⁺, where,        -   Y is nitrogen or phosphorus,        -   R′ is the same or different, is hydrogen, an alkyl or aryl,            or a polymer,        -   and where,        -   R and R′ may form a ring structure,        -   or,        -   R and R′ may be a polymer.

According to the present invention, R can, for example, be an alkylgroup or an aralkyl group, for example, an alkyl group with 1 to 4carbon atoms. The carbonate group and the cation X⁺ may alsoadditionally be present on a molecule with the corresponding structure.Furthermore, R′ can, for example, be an alkyl group, for example, analkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, with 3 to 4 carbonatoms. According to the present invention, ammonium and/or phosphoniumcarbonate can, for example, be used. Suitable ammonium carbonates are,for example, tetrahexylammonium methyl carbonate, tetrahexylammoniumhydrogen carbonate, tetradecanyl trihexylammonium methyl carbonate,tetradecylammonium methyl carbonate, tetrabutylammonium methylcarbonate, tetrabutylammonium ethyl carbonate, tetrabutylammoniumhydrogen carbonate, tetrapropylammonium methyl carbonate,tetrapropylammonium ethyl carbonate, tetrapropylammonium hydrogencarbonate, benzyltrimethylammonium methyl carbonate,trihexylmethylammonium methyl carbonate, or trioctylmethylammoniummethyl carbonate. Tetrabutylammonium methyl carbonate,tetrabutylammonium ethyl carbonate, tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, tetrapropylammonium methyl carbonate, tetrapropylammoniumethyl carbonate, tetrapropylammonium hydrogen carbonate, and mixturesthereof can, for example, be used.

Suitable light stabilizers are radical scavengers such as stericallyinhibited aliphatic amines, for example, based on substituted2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidines, UV absorbers such as 2-hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines, oroxalanilides, and quenchers such as organic nickel compounds andperoxide decomposers such as thioethers or phosphites. Radicalscavengers, for example, sterically inhibited aliphatic amines based onsubstituted 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidines, and/or UV absorbers, forexample, 2-hydroxyphenyl benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones,2-hydroxyphenyltriazines, and oxalanilides can, for example, be used.Substituted 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidines, 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines,2-hydroxybenzophenones, and mixtures thereof can, for example, be used.

Suitable pot life extenders are short-chain alcohols which have anevaporation number below 35, for example, below 20. Alcohols areparticularly suited which have up to 6, for example, up to 4, forexample, up to 3 carbon atoms. Thus, for example, methanol, ethanol,n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, and mixtures thereof can,for example, be used according to the present invention.

Suitable open time extenders are basic NH-functional compounds with apK_(a) value between 4 and 14. Succinimides, 1,2,4, -triazoles, 1,2,3,-benzotriazoles, 5,5-diphenylhydantoins, hydantoins,(RS)-3-ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione, and mixtures thereof can,for example, be used. Succinimides, 1,2,4, -triazoles, 1,2,3,-benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof can, for example, be used.

Suitable inorganic pigments are, for example, titanium dioxide, ironoxides, chromium oxides, chromium titanates, bismuth vanadate, cobaltblue, and carbon blacks. Titanium dioxide, iron oxides, and carbonblacks can, for example, be used as inorganic pigments. Suitable organicpigments are, for example, pigment yellow 151, pigment yellow 213,pigment yellow 83, pigment orange 67, pigment orange 62, pigment orange36, pigment red 170, pigment violet 19, pigment violet 23, pigment blue15:3, pigment blue 15:6, pigment green 7. Pigment yellow 151, pigmentorange 67, pigment red 170, pigment violet 19, pigment blue 15:3, andpigment green 7 can, for example, be used.

Suitable corrosion protection agents are tannin derivatives, basicsulfonates, nitrocarboxylates, such as aminocarboxylate, and zinc saltsof organic nitric acids, such as zinc-nitroisophthalate, or zinc saltsof cyanuric acid. Additional suitable corrosion protection agents areanti-corrosive pigments, such as iron mica, aluminum pigments, or talc,and active pigments which cause electrochemical passivation of the metalsurface, such as phosphates, borates, silicates, molybdates, orchromates. According to the present invention, active pigments, forexample, phosphates with zinc-, aluminum-, magnesium-, zirconium-, andstrontium cations, and hybrid forms thereof, can, for example, be used.Aluminum magnesium phosphates, aluminum zinc phosphates, and aluminumstrontium phosphates can, for example, be used.

In embodiment of the present invention, additional additives andadjuvants can, for example, be added to the coating materials, such asdispersing additives, fillers, and/or matting agents, in order toimprove the required properties of the coating material and/or of thecoating.

The coating materials according to the present invention can, forexample, contain up to 25, for example, 0.00001 to 8, for example,0.00001 to 5 wt. % dispersing additives, wherein the indicated amountsrespectively relate to the total amount of coating material. Suitabledispersing agents can, for example, be high molecular weight blockcopolymers with pigment affinic groups, highly branched polyester oracrylate polyester copolymers with pigment affinic groups. Dispersingadditives are high molecular weight block copolymers with pigmentaffinic groups can, for example, be used.

The coating materials according to the present invention mayadditionally contain up to 60, for example, 0.00001 to 40, for example,10 to 30 wt. % fillers, wherein the indicated amounts respectivelyrelate to the total amount of the coating material. Suitable fillerscan, for example, be carbonates such as chalk, limestone, calcite,precipitated calcium carbonate, dolomite or barium carbonate, sulfatessuch as barite, barium sulfate, or calcium sulfate, fibers from melts ofglass or basalts, glass powder, glass beads, and slags. Barium sulfateand/or calcium carbonate as fillers can, for example, be used.

The coating materials according to the present invention mayadditionally contain up to 30, for example, 0.00001 to 20, for example,0.00001 to 10 wt. % matting agents, wherein the indicated amountsrespectively relate to the total amount of the coating material. Theexpression “matting agent” is understood to refer to additives andadjuvants that reduce the gloss of a coating or generate a matte gloss.Matting agents generate the surface structure necessary therefor in thecoating without affecting other features and properties. Suitablematting agents are, for example, micronized amorphous silicas, such assilica gels or precipitated silicas, micronized and precipitated waxes,such as polyethylene waxes, polypropylene waxes, polyamide waxes, orPTFE waxes, and also micronized polymers, such as urea aldehyde resin.Micronized and precipitated polyethylene waxes, polypropylene waxes,polyamide waxes, PTFE waxes, and micronized urea aldehyde resin can, forexample, be used as matting agents.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the coating materials can,for example, contain up to 50, for example, 0.00001 to 30, for example,0.00001 to 20 wt. % aprotic solvents, wherein the indicated amountsrespectively relate to the total amount of the coating material. Theexpression “aprotic solvents” is understood in the following to refer tosolvents that contain no ionisable protons in the molecule. Suitableaprotic solvents are, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons,cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, esters,ethers, ether esters, in particular, ethylacetate, butyl acetate,acetone, n-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methoxypropyl acetate, anddimethyl sulfoxide. Ethylacetate, butyl acetate, acetone, n-butanone,methyl isobutyl ketone, methoxypropyl acetate, and mixtures thereof,can, for example, be used as solvents.

The compounds used as catalysts C according to the present invention arelatent bases, as the carbonate according to Formula II is in equilibriumwith its disassociation products, carbon dioxide and the correspondinghydroxide- or alkoxy base. As long as carbon monoxide cannot escape fromthe system, the equilibrium lies more strongly in favor of thecarbonate. Only when a carbon dioxide is removed, and thus a sufficientamount of base is present, does the cross-linking begin with the aid ofthe Michael addition. During storage of the coating materials accordingto the present invention in closed containers, from which carbon dioxidecannot escape, the coating material according to the present inventionmay basically be formulated as a single component system. The shelf lifecan, however, be increased if the individual components of the coatingmaterial according to the present invention are formulated inmulticomponent systems. A catalyst component which contains thecatalysts C is thus, for example, only mixed shortly before processingwith the binder components which contain the CH acidic compounds A andthe vinylogous carbonyl compounds B.

According to the present invention, the CH acidic compounds A and thevinylogous carbonyl compounds B may be contained in a binder componenttogether with the light stabilizers, open time extenders, and pot lifeextenders used. This binder component may additionally contain pigments,fillers, corrosion protection agents, and additionally other additivessuch as solvents. The catalysts C and, if necessary, other solvents andpot life extenders may be contained in a catalyst component. In anembodiment, the CH acidic compounds A can, for example, be present in afirst binder component, the vinylogous carbonyl compounds B in a secondbinder component, and the catalysts C in a catalyst component. In onesuch three-component system, the CH acidic compounds A are contained inthe first binder component together with the open time extenders andlight stabilizers. If necessary, this first binder component mayadditionally contain pigments, fillers, and corrosion protection agents,and additional additives. The vinylogous carbonyl compounds B can, forexample, be contained in the second binder component. The second bindercomponent may also contain pigments, fillers, corrosion protectionagents, and additional additives. The catalysts C are contained in thecatalyst component. The catalyst component may also contain solvents andpot life extenders.

The addition of additional components which are customary for producinga coating reduces the shelf life of RMA systems. The coating materialsaccording to the present invention with their particular selection oflight stabilizers, open time extenders, pot life extenders, pigments,corrosion protection agents, dispersing agents, functional fillers,matting agents, and aprotic solvents, have an unexpectedly high shelflife compared to previously known coating materials based on RMAsystems.

The properties of coatings which are produced from coating materialsbased on RMA systems are furthermore strongly compromised by thepresence of other components of the coating material, in contrast tocoatings which are produced from coating materials based on conventionalbinders, for example, epoxy resins or polyurethanes. It has surprisinglybeen demonstrated that the coating materials according to the presentinvention result in coatings which have properties necessary for use forcomponents of construction and agricultural machinery, in particularmechanical stabilities, even at high coating thicknesses, and corrosionresistance.

In an embodiment, the coating materials according to the presentinvention contain at least:

-   -   10 to 70, for example, 15 to 60, for example, 20 to 55 wt. % of        CH acidic compounds A, for example, malonic acid esters with        oligomer and polymer substituents based on polyesters, which are        obtained from the reaction of at least malonic acid, malonic        acid dimethyl ester, and/or malonic acid diethyl ester with        hexahydrophthalic acid and/or its anhydride and neopentyl        glycol, and acetoacetic acid esters with oligomer and polymer        substituents based on polyesters, which are obtained from the        reaction of at least acetoacetic acid, acetoacetic acid methyl        ester, and/or acetoacetic acid ethyl ester with        hexahydrophthalic acid and/or its anhydride and neopentyl        glycol;    -   4 to 40, for example, 8 to 35, for example, 10 to 30 wt. %        vinylogous carbonyl compounds B, for example, butanediol        diacrylate, hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane        triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate,        di(trimethylolpropane)tetraacrylate, and/or        dipentaerythritol-hexaacrylate;    -   0.1 to 15, for example, 0.2 to 10, for example, 0.3 to 5 wt. %        catalysts C, for example, tetrabutylammonium methyl carbonate,        tetrabutylammonium ethyl carbonate, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen        carbonate, tetrapropylammonium methyl carbonate,        tetrapropylammonium ethyl carbonate, tetrapropylammonium        hydrogen carbonate, and mixtures thereof;    -   0.00001 to 10, for example, 0.5 to 5, for example, 1 to 3 wt. %        light stabilizers, for example, substituted        2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidines, 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines,        2-hydroxybenzophenones, and mixtures thereof;    -   0.00001 to 20, for example, 0.01 to 10, for example, 0.1 to 5        wt. % open time extenders, for example, succinimides, 1,2,4,        -triazoles, 1,2,3, -benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof;    -   0.00001 to 20, for example, 0.01 to 15, for example, 0.1 to 10        wt. % pot life extenders, for example, methanol, ethanol,        n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, and mixtures        thereof;    -   0.00001 to 70, for example, 0.01 to 65, for example, 0.1 to 40        wt. % inorganic and/or organic pigments, for example, titanium        dioxide, iron oxides, carbon blacks, pigment yellow 151, pigment        orange 67, pigment red 170, pigment violet 19, pigment blue        15:3, pigment green 7, and mixtures thereof;    -   0.1 to 40, for example, 1 to 35, for example, 3 to 30 wt. %        corrosion protection agents, for example, aluminum magnesium        phosphates, aluminum zinc phosphates, and aluminum strontium        phosphates;    -   0 to 25, for example, 0.00001 to 8, for example, 0.00001 to 5        wt. % dispersing additives, for example, high molecular weight        block copolymers with pigment affinic groups;    -   0 to 25, for example, 0.00001 to 15, for example, 0.5 to 10, for        example, 8 to 15 wt. % matting agents, for example, micronized        and precipitated polyethylene waxes, polypropylene waxes,        polyamide waxes, PTFE waxes, and micronized urea aldehyde resin,        and mixtures thereof;    -   0 to 60, for example, 0.00001 to 40, for example, 0.00001 to 30        wt. % functional fillers, for example, barium sulfate and/or        calcium carbonate; and    -   0 to 50, for example, 0.00001 to 40, for example, 0.00001 to 30        wt. % aprotic solvents, for example, ethylacetate, butyl        acetate, acetone, n-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone,        methoxypropyl acetate, and mixtures thereof,

wherein, the indicated amounts respectively relate to the total amountof the coating material.

The coating materials according to the present invention have asurprisingly higher shelf life compared to previously known RMA coatingmaterials and RMA coatings. They also show improved drying behavior.Coatings obtained from the coating materials according to the presentinvention additionally have an improved light stability, in particularless yellowing and higher gloss retention.

The coating materials according to the present invention have pot livesgreater than or equal to 1 hour, for example, greater than or equal to 2hours, for example, between 2 and 4 hours. The pot life is generallydetermined via the flow time from a flow cup. The end of the pot life isdetermined as the point at which the flow time shows double the value ofthe starting flow time. The testing method is described below in detailin the Examples. The coating materials according to the presentinvention also demonstrate open times of greater than or equal to 15minutes, for example, greater than or equal to 20 minutes, for example,greater than or equal to 25 minutes. In addition to the long pot livesand open times, the coating materials according to the present inventionsurprisingly demonstrate an unusually broad climate window in which theymay be processed without deterioration. They are processable, forexample, at temperatures up to 45° C. and at relative air humidity of upto 99%. They also demonstrate a long overspray absorption, for example,over a time interval of more than 25 minutes.

In contrast to conventionally used coating materials based onpolyurethane, the coating materials according to the present inventionhave significantly reduced drying times. In an embodiment, the coatingmaterials according to the present invention can, for example, be usedto produce a coating on substrates, for example, metals, plasticmaterials, or fiber composite materials. Metals are particularly suited,for example, steels and iron alloys, aluminum, and aluminum alloys. Thecomponent surfaces to be coated may be provided with a primer, forexample, the conventional primers known to the person skilled in the artbased on epoxy resins or polyurethanes. They may also be pre-treated asis conventional and familiar to the person skilled in the art. Preferredpre-treatments are iron phosphating, zinc phosphating, conversion layersbased on manganese, zirconium, or silicon compounds, sand blasting,galvanizing, or electro-dip priming. Conversion layers based onmanganese, zirconium, or silicon compounds can, for example, be used aspretreatment layers. The coatings according to the present inventionalso demonstrate a good adhesion to pre-treated substrates. Theyadditionally have a high anti-corrosion effect.

The coatings according to the present invention also demonstrateoptically flawless surfaces even at high coating thicknesses. They mayhave dry coating thicknesses between 80 and 150 μm. The application ofthe coating materials according to the present invention may be carriedout within a large coating thickness interval without compromising thesurface quality of the coating. The coating materials according to thepresent invention and coatings are thus less sensitive with respect tooverlayer thicknesses, which may occur during the application, forexample, due to an unfavorable geometry of the substrate.

Due to their properties, the coating materials according to the presentinvention may in particular be used for the production of single-layerlacquers. They are additionally suited for use for coating largecomponents, in particular for coating large area components made ofmetal, for example, chassis for construction and agricultural machinery.

The present invention also relates to a method for coating components.The method according to the present invention thereby comprises thesteps: (a) applying the coating material according to the presentinvention to a surface of a substrate; and, (b) curing the appliedcoating material for 0.5 to 12, for example, 0.5 to 6, for example, 0.5to 4 hours at temperatures between 5 and 50, for example, 15 and 40, forexample, 20 and 35° C.

The coating materials according to the present invention have anabove-average solids content and correspondingly contain low proportionsof volatile organic substances, for example, solvents. The solidscontent is defined as the proportion by mass of a coating material thatremains as residue after 30 minutes during evaporation at 105° C.Essentially, the solids generally comprise binders, non-volatileadditives, pigments, and fillers. The solids content of the coatingmaterials according to the present invention lie between 65 and 95, forexample, 70 and 90, for example, between 75 and 85 wt. %, relative tothe total weight of the coating materials.

Conventionally, rough and matte surfaces are obtained using conventionalspraying methods in the case of processing of coating materials withhigh solids content. In contrast, the coating materials according to thepresent invention also yield surprising high-quality surfaces evenduring an application by hydraulic very high pressure spraying(airless), airless spraying with air support (airmix), and pneumaticspraying or compressed air spraying. All spraying methods may thereby beused, including electrostatically supported.

In an embodiment of the method of the present invention, all componentsof the coating material used can, for example, be mixed prior toapplication. The mixing may thereby be carried out manually or bymachine.

As the coating materials according to the present invention may be curedat room temperature, they are primarily suited for coating largecomponents, as they are used, for example, to build agricultural andconstruction machinery. They may, for example, be used for coatingchassis parts, roofs, doors, chassis cladding, lattice masts, jibs,grippers, blades, cutters, or ploughshares.

Examples

The production of the coating materials is carried out according tocoating technology standards which are known and familiar to the personskilled in the art. The catalyst solution used in Example Recipe 1 isproduced in that 42.8 g diethyl carbonate and 26.1 g i-propanol areadded to a solution of 17.1 g tetra butyl ammonium hydroxide in 14 gwater.

Table of Example Recipe 1: Topcoat Amount Substance [wt. %] Fillercomponent 1 Malonate functional polyester with a concentration of acidic27 protons of 5.66 mol/kg relative to the solvent-free polyester, 85% inbutyl acetate. Magnesium aluminium polyphosphate 5 High molecular weightblock copolymer with pigment affinic 1 groupsBis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl)-sebacate 1 Succinimide 1 Butylacetate 5 Barium sulphate 22 Filler component 2 Di(trimethylolpropane)tetraacrylate 12 Hexanediol diacrylate 3 Pigment yellow 213 4 Titaniumdioxide 10 High molecular weight block copolymer with pigment affinic 1groups Catalyst component Catalyst solution 3 Ethanol 2 Methyl ethylketone 3

The pot life and the drying time of Example Recipe 1 were determined toevaluate the shelf life of the coating materials Samples were therebytested or used to produce a coating after 1 day of storage at 23° C.,after 28 days of storage at 40° C., and after 1 year of storage at 20through 23° C., respectively.

Determination of pot life: The pot life was determined using a flow cup.In this method, a liquid is filled into a cup with a defined volume,which has a defined nozzle in its bottom. The coating material runs outthrough the nozzle, wherein the time from the discharge of the liquidjet up until the liquid jet breaks off is measured as the flow time. Allpreparations and measurements are carried out at a temperature of 23° C.Initially, all components of the coating material are mixed and the flowtime of the mixture is immediately measured (initial flow time). Themeasurement is repeated at regular intervals. The end of the pot life isreached when the flow time is double the initial flow time.

Determination of drying time: To determine the drying time, a dryingtime recorder, a drying time measurement device from BYK Gardner, wasused. For this purpose, the coating material to be examined is uniformlyapplied on glass strips with the aid of a film drawer. The glass stripsare subsequently laid in a linear recorder. Needles are then applied tothe coating and drawn across the drying film at a defined, constantspeed. A characteristic drying image of the coating is thereby created,in which the individual time segments show the different curing states:flow or open time, initial trace, film tearing, and surface track. Thecuring of the coating material thereby begins at the end of the opentime, i.e., at the point at which the track etched by the needle remainsvisible in the applied film. It ends with the surface track, i.e., atthe time at which the needle no longer leaves a visible track in theapplied film.

The quality of the coatings which are produced from the differentlystored coating materials from Example Recipe 1 was also examined todetermine shelf life of the coating material. Gloss and corrosionresistance were determined for this purpose. Samples were used toproduce a coating after 1 day of storage at 23° C., after 28 days ofstorage at 40° C., and after 1 year of storage at 20 through 23° C.,respectively. To produce the sample bodies, Example Recipe 1 was appliedto treated steel plates using cup guns and cured at room temperature. Asa pre-treatment, the steel plates were provided with a silane conversionlayer.

Determination of surface gloss: The gloss of the coating surface isdetermined as a reflectometer value. The reflectometer value of a sampleis defined as the ratio of the light beams reflected by the samplesurface and a glass surface with a refractive index of 1,567 in themirror direction. The measurement values are determined with the aid ofa conventional refractometer at an angle of 60°.

Determination of corrosion resistance: Salt spray tests were carried outto evaluate the corrosion resistance. For this purpose, the coatings ofthe sample bodies were cut with cross shapes down to the metal surface.The sample bodies were subsequently exposed in a spray chamber to a saltspray mist made from a 5% salt solution with a pH value between 6.5 and7.2 over a time period of 500 hours at 35±2° C. Afterwards, the samplebodies were rinsed with clear water and subsequently conditioned at roomtemperature for 1 hour. The damage from infiltration is evaluated. Forthis purpose, the loose parts of the coating are carefully removed atthe cuts. In each case, the broadest area of delamination is determinedand indicated in millimetres.

TABLE Shelf life of Example Recipe 1 1 day, 28 days, 1 year, Storage 23°C. 40° C. 20-23° C. Pot life 3 h 3 h 3 h Open time 20 min 21 min 22 minSurface track ends 247 min 238 min 241 min Gloss 89 90 88 Width ofdelamination 0.5-2.5 mm 1-2.5 mm 1-2 mm

As the table shows, the coating materials according to the presentinvention have a high shelf life. After longer storage at increasedtemperatures, the coating materials themselves do not demonstrate adeterioration in their processability. The coatings produced therefromalso show no impairment to their properties.

The present invention is not limited to embodiments described herein;reference should be had to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A coating material for producing a coating, thecoating material comprising: 10 to 70 wt. % of at least one CH acidiccompound; 4 to 40 wt. % of at least one vinylogous carbonyl compound;0.1 to 15 wt. % of at least one latent-basic catalyst; 0.00001 to 10 wt.% of at least one light stabilizer; 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of at least oneopen time extender; 0.00001 to 20 wt. % of at least one pot lifeextender; 0.00001 to 70 wt. % of at least one of an inorganic pigmentand an organic pigment; and 0.1 to 40 wt. % of at least one corrosionprotection agent, wherein, the at least one open time extender isselected from a basic NH-functional compound with a pKa value of between4 and 14, and each wt. % of a respective ingredient is based on a totalamount of the coating material.
 2. The coating material as recited inclaim 1, wherein the at least one CH acidic compound is a compound ofthe formula

wherein, R is hydrogen, an alkyl radical, or an aryl radical, Y is analkyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical, an alkoxy radical,or an amino group, and Y′ is an alkyl radical, an aralkyl radical, anaryl radical, an alkoxy radical, or an amino group.
 3. The coatingmaterial as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one vinylogouscompound is an acrylate, a maleate, or mixtures thereof.
 4. The coatingmaterial as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one latent-basiccatalyst is at least one substituted carboxylic acid salt of the formula

wherein, R is hydrogen, an alkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a polymerradical, X⁺ is an alkali earth metal cation, an alkaline earth metalcation, or a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula (R′)₄Y⁺ or aphosphonium salt of the formula(R′)₄Y⁺, wherein, Y is nitrogen or phosphorus, R′ is the same ordifferent, is hydrogen, an alkyl radical, an aryl radical, an aralkylradical, or a polymer, and R and R′ form a ring structure or are apolymer.
 5. The coating material as recited in claim 1, wherein the atleast one light stabilizer is selected from a radial scavenger, a UVabsorber, a quencher, and a peroxide decomposer.
 6. The coating materialas recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one pot life extender isselected from an alcohol comprising up to 6 carbon atoms and anevaporation number below
 35. 7. The coating material as recited in claim1, wherein the at least one of an inorganic pigment and an organicpigment is selected from a titanium dioxide, an iron oxide, a chromiumoxide, a chromium titanate, a bismuth vanadate, cobalt blue, a carbonblack, pigment yellow 151, pigment yellow 213, pigment yellow 83,pigment orange 67, pigment orange 62, pigment orange 36, pigment red170, pigment violet 19, pigment violet 23, pigment blue 15:3, pigmentblue 15:6, and pigment green
 7. 8. The coating material as recited inclaim 1, wherein the at least one corrosion protection agent is selectedfrom a tannin derivative, a basic sulfonate, a nitrocarboxylate, a zincsalt of an organic nitric acid, an anti-corrosive pigment, and an activepigment.
 9. The coating material as recited in claim 1, wherein thecoating material further comprises: up to 25 wt. % of at least onedispersing additive.
 10. The coating material according to claim 9,wherein the at least one dispersing additive is selected from a highmolecular weight block copolymer with pigment affinic groups, a highlybranched polyester, and an acrylate polyester copolymer with pigmentaffinic groups.
 11. The coating material as recited in claim 1, whereinthe coating material further comprises: up to 60 wt. % of at least onefiller.
 12. The coating material as recited in claim 11, wherein the atleast one filler is selected from a carbonate, a sulfate, a silicate,and a silica.
 13. The coating material as recited in claim 1, whereinthe coating material further comprises: up to 50 wt. % of at least oneaprotic solvent.
 14. The coating material as recited in claim 13,wherein the at least one aprotic solvent is selected from an aliphatichydrocarbon, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, aketone, an ester, an ether, and an ether ester.
 15. The coating materialas recited in claim 1, wherein the coating material further comprises:up to 10 wt. % of at least one matting agent.
 16. The coating materialas recited in claim 15, wherein the at least one matting agents isselected from a micronized amorphous silica, a micronized wax, aprecipitated wax, and a micronized polymer.
 17. A method of using thecoating material as recited in claim 1 in a single-layer coating system,the method comprising; providing the coating material as recited inclaim 1; and incorporating the coating material into the single-layercoating system.
 18. The method as recited in claim 17, wherein thesinge-layer coating system is a topcoat for components of at least oneof construction machinery and agricultural machinery.
 19. A method forcoating a component, the method comprising: applying the coatingmaterial as recited in claim 1 to a substrate; and curing the coatingmaterial for 0.5 to 12 hours at a temperature of between 5 and 50° C.20. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein the applying of thecoating material is performed by a hydraulic spraying method or by apneumatic spraying method.
 21. The method as recited in 19, furthercomprising; mixing the respective ingredients of the coating materialprior to applying the coating material.
 22. The method as recited inclaim 19, wherein the coating material is applied to a pre-treatedsubstrate.
 23. A component comprising a coating produced from thecoating material as recited in claim
 1. 24. The component as recited inclaim 23, wherein the component is a component of construction machineryor agricultural machinery.